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CCPP Scientific Documentation
v4.1.0
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Parameterizations and Suites Overview

Physical Parameterizations

In the CCPP, each parameterization is in its own modern Fortran module, which facilitates model development and code maintenance. While some individual parameterization can be invoked for the SCM, most users will assemble the parameterizations in suites.

In addition to the physical schemes themselves, this scientific documentation also covers four modules that define physics/radiation functions, parameters and constants:

The input information for the physics includes the values of the gridbox mean prognostic variables (wind components, temperature, specific humidity, cloud fraction, water contents for cloud liquid, cloud ice, rain, snow, graupel, and ozone concentration), the provisional dynamical tendencies for the same variables and various surface fields, both fixed and variable.

The time integration of the physical suites is based on the following:

  • The tendencies from the different physical processes are computed by the parameterizations or derived in separate interstitial routines.
  • The first part of the suite, comprised of the parameterizations for radiation, surface layer, surface (land, ocean, and sea ice), boundary layer, orographic gravity wave drag, and Rayleigh damping, is computed using a hybrid of parallel and sequential splitting described in Donahue and Caldwell(2018) [41], a method in which the various parameterizations use the same model state as input but are impacted by the preceding parameterizations. The tendencies from the various parameterizations are then added together and used to update the model state.
  • The surface parameterizations (land, ocean and sea ice) are invoked twice in a loop, with the first time to create a guess, and the second time to produce the tendencies.
  • The second part of the physical suite, comprised of the parameterizations of ozone, stratospheric water vapor, deep convection, convective gravity wave drag, shallow convection, and microphysics, is computed using sequential splitting in the order listed above, in which the model state is updated between calls to the parameterization.
  • If the in-core saturation adjustment is used (do_sat_adj=.true.), it is invoked at shorter timesteps along with the dynamical solver.

Physical Suites

The CCPP includes the suite GFS_v15p2, which has the same parameterizations used in the GFS v15 implemented operationally in June 2019, and suite GFS_v16beta, i.e., the beta version of the suite planned for GFS v16 to be implemented operationally in 2021. Suite GFS_v16beta is identical to Suite GFS_v15p2 except for an update in the PBL parameterization (Han et al. 2019 [73] ). Additionally, CCPP v4.1.0 includes two developmental suites which are undergoing testing to inform future implementations of the UFS. Suite csawmg differs from GFS_v15p2 as it contains different convection and microphysics schemes made available through a NOAA Climate Process Team (CPT) with components developed at multiple research centers and universities, including Colorado State, Utah, NASA, NCAR, and EMC. Suite GSD_v1 differs from GFS_v15p2 as it uses the convection, microphysics, and boundary layer schemes employed in the Rapid Refresh (RAP) and High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR [22] ) operational models and was assembled by NOAA/GSD. An assessment of an earlier version of these suites can be found in the UFS portal and in the DTC website . Two variant suites labelled as no_nsst are simplification of GFS_v15p2 and GFS_v16beta. This simplification is needed when the UFS is initialized with files in GRIdded Binary Edition 2 (GRIB2) format instead of files in NOAA Environmental Modeling System (NEMS) Input/Output (NEMSIO) format because the fields necesary to predict (SST) are not available in the GRIB2 files.

Table 1. Physics suites option included in this documentation.

Physics suites GFS_v15p2 GFS_v16beta csawmg GSD_v1 GFS_v15p2_no_nsst GFS_v16beta_no_nsst
Deep Cu GFS SAS-based Mass-Flux Deep Convection Scheme GFS SAS-based Mass-Flux Deep Convection Scheme Chikira-Sugiyama Scale-Aware Convection Scheme with Arakawa-Wu Extension Grell-Freitas Scale and Aerosol Aware Convection Scheme GFS SAS-based Mass-Flux Deep Convection Scheme GFS SAS-based Mass-Flux Deep Convection Scheme
Shallow Cu GFS SAS-based Mass-Flux Shallow Convection Scheme GFS SAS-based Mass-Flux Shallow Convection Scheme GFS SAS-based Mass-Flux Shallow Convection Scheme GSD MYNN-EDMF Boundary Layer and Shallow Cloud Scheme and Grell-Freitas Shallow Convection Module GFS SAS-based Mass-Flux Shallow Convection Scheme GFS SAS-based Mass-Flux Shallow Convection Scheme
Microphysics GFDL Cloud Microphysics Scheme GFDL Cloud Microphysics Scheme Morrison-Gettelman Cloud Microphysics Scheme Thompson Aerosol-Aware Microphysics Scheme GFDL Cloud Microphysics Scheme GFDL Cloud Microphysics Scheme
PBL/TURB GFS Hybrid Eddy-Diffusivity Mass-Flux PBL and Free Atmospheric Turbulence Scheme GFS Scale-aware TKE-based Moist Eddy-Diffusion Mass-Flux (EDMF) PBL and Free Atmospheric Turbulence Scheme GFS Hybrid Eddy-Diffusivity Mass-Flux PBL and Free Atmospheric Turbulence Scheme GSD MYNN-EDMF Boundary Layer and Shallow Cloud Scheme GFS Hybrid Eddy-Diffusivity Mass-Flux PBL and Free Atmospheric Turbulence Scheme GFS Scale-aware TKE-based Moist Eddy-Diffusion Mass-Flux (EDMF) PBL and Free Atmospheric Turbulence Scheme
Radiation GFS RRTMG Shortwave/Longwave Radiation Scheme GFS RRTMG Shortwave/Longwave Radiation Scheme GFS RRTMG Shortwave/Longwave Radiation Scheme GFS RRTMG Shortwave/Longwave Radiation Scheme GFS RRTMG Shortwave/Longwave Radiation Scheme GFS RRTMG Shortwave/Longwave Radiation Scheme
Surface Layer GFS Surface Layer Scheme GFS Surface Layer Scheme GFS Surface Layer Scheme GFS Surface Layer Scheme GFS Surface Layer Scheme GFS Surface Layer Scheme
Land GFS Noah Land Surface Model GFS Noah Land Surface Model GFS Noah Land Surface Model GSD RUC Land Surface Model GFS Noah Land Surface Model GFS Noah Land Surface Model
Gravity Wave DragCIRES Unified Gravity Wave Physics Scheme - Version 0 CIRES Unified Gravity Wave Physics Scheme - Version 0 CIRES Unified Gravity Wave Physics Scheme - Version 0 CIRES Unified Gravity Wave Physics Scheme - Version 0 CIRES Unified Gravity Wave Physics Scheme - Version 0 CIRES Unified Gravity Wave Physics Scheme - Version 0
Ocean GFS Near-Surface Sea Temperature Scheme GFS Near-Surface Sea Temperature Scheme GFS Near-Surface Sea Temperature Scheme GFS Near-Surface Sea Temperature Scheme GFS Simple Ocean Scheme GFS Simple Ocean Scheme
Ozone GFS Ozone Photochemistry (2015) Scheme GFS Ozone Photochemistry (2015) Scheme GFS Ozone Photochemistry (2015) Scheme GFS Ozone Photochemistry (2015) Scheme GFS Ozone Photochemistry (2015) Scheme GFS Ozone Photochemistry (2015) Scheme
Water Vapor GFS Stratospheric H2O Scheme GFS Stratospheric H2O Scheme GFS Stratospheric H2O Scheme GFS Stratospheric H2O Scheme GFS Stratospheric H2O Scheme GFS Stratospheric H2O Scheme