This module contains the column GFDL Cloud microphysics scheme.

Functions/Subroutines
subroutine, public	gfdl_cloud_microphys_mod_driver (iis, iie, jjs, jje, kks, kke, ktop, kbot, qv, ql, qr, qi, qs, qg, qa, qn, qv_dt, ql_dt, qr_dt, qi_dt, qs_dt, qg_dt, qa_dt, pt_dt, pt, w, uin, vin, udt, vdt, dz, delp, area, dt_in, land, rain, snow, ice, graupel, hydrostatic, phys_hydrostatic, p, lradar, refl_10cm, reset, pfils, pflls)
	This subroutine is the driver of the GFDL cloud microphysics.

subroutine	mpdrv (hydrostatic, uin, vin, w, delp, pt, qv, ql, qr, qi, qs, qg, qa, qn, dz, is, ie, js, je, ks, ke, ktop, kbot, j, dt_in, ntimes, rain, snow, graupel, ice, m2_rain, m2_sol, cond, area1, land, u_dt, v_dt, pt_dt, qv_dt, ql_dt, qr_dt, qi_dt, qs_dt, qg_dt, qa_dt, w_var, vt_r, vt_s, vt_g, vt_i, qn2)
	GFDL cloud microphysics, major program, and is based on Lin et al.(1983) [119] and Rutledge and Hobbs (1984) [172].

subroutine	sedi_heat (ktop, kbot, dm, m1, dz, tz, qv, ql, qr, qi, qs, qg, cw)
	This subroutine calculates sedimentation of heat.

subroutine	warm_rain (dt, ktop, kbot, dp, dz, tz, qv, ql, qr, qi, qs, qg, den, denfac, ccn, c_praut, rh_rain, vtr, r1, m1_rain, w1, h_var)
	This subroutine includes warm rain cloud microphysics.

subroutine	revap_racc (ktop, kbot, dt, tz, qv, ql, qr, qi, qs, qg, den, denfac, rh_rain, h_var)
	This subroutine calculates evaporation of rain and accretion of rain.

subroutine	linear_prof (km, q, dm, z_var, h_var)
	Definition of vertical subgrid variability used for cloud ice and cloud water autoconversion.

subroutine	icloud (ktop, kbot, tzk, p1, qvk, qlk, qrk, qik, qsk, qgk, dp1, den, denfac, vts, vtg, vtr, qak, rh_adj, rh_rain, dts, h_var)
	This subroutine includes cloud ice microphysics processes.

subroutine	subgrid_z_proc (ktop, kbot, p1, den, denfac, dts, rh_adj, tz, qv, ql, qr, qi, qs, qg, qa, h_var, rh_rain)
	This subroutine calculates temperature sentive high vertical resolution processes.

subroutine	revap_rac1 (hydrostatic, is, ie, dt, tz, qv, ql, qr, qi, qs, qg, den, hvar)
	This subroutine calculates rain evaporation.

subroutine	terminal_fall (dtm, ktop, kbot, tz, qv, ql, qr, qg, qs, qi, dz, dp, den, vtg, vts, vti, r1, g1, s1, i1, m1_sol, w1)
	The subroutine 'terminal_fall' computes terminal fall speed.

subroutine	check_column (ktop, kbot, q, no_fall)
	The subroutine 'check_column' checks if the water species is large enough to fall.

subroutine	implicit_fall (dt, ktop, kbot, ze, vt, dp, q, precip, m1)
	The subroutine computes the time-implicit monotonic fall scheme.

subroutine	lagrangian_fall_ppm (ktop, kbot, zs, ze, zt, dp, q, precip, m1, mono)
	Lagrangian scheme.

subroutine	cs_profile (a4, del, km, do_mono)

subroutine	cs_limiters (km, a4)
	This subroutine perform positive definite constraint.

subroutine	fall_speed (ktop, kbot, den, qs, qi, qg, ql, tk, vts, vti, vtg)
	The subroutine calculates vertical fall speed of snow/ice/graupel.

subroutine	setupm
	The subroutine sets up gfdl cloud microphysics parameters.

subroutine, public	gfdl_cloud_microphys_mod_init (me, master, nlunit, input_nml_file, logunit, fn_nml, errmsg, errflg)
	The subroutine 'gfdl_cloud_microphys_init' initializes the GFDL cloud microphysics.

subroutine, public	gfdl_cloud_microphys_mod_end ()
	The subroutine 'gfdl_cloud_microphys_init' terminates the GFDL cloud microphysics.

subroutine	setup_con
	The subroutine 'setup_con' sets up constants and calls 'qsmith_init'.

real function	acr3d (v1, v2, q1, q2, c, cac, rho)
	The function is an accretion function (Lin et al.(1983) [119] )

real function	smlt (tc, dqs, qsrho, psacw, psacr, c, rho, rhofac)
	Melting of snow function (Lin et al.(1983) [119]) note: psacw and psacr must be calc before smlt is called.

real function	gmlt (tc, dqs, qgrho, pgacw, pgacr, c, rho)
	Melting of graupel function (Eq.(47) in Lin et al. 1983 [119]) note: \(P_{gacw}\) and \(P_{gacr}\) must be calculated before gmlt is called.

subroutine	qsmith_init
	The subroutine 'qsmith_init' initializes lookup tables for saturation water vapor pressure for the following utility routines that are designed to return qs consistent with the assumptions in FV3.

real function	wqs1 (ta, den)
	The function 'wqs1' returns the saturation vapor pressure over pure liquid water for a given temperature and air density.

real function	wqs2 (ta, den, dqdt)
	The function 'wqs2' returns the saturation vapor pressure over pure liquid water for a given temperature and air density, as well as the analytic dqs/dT: rate of change of saturation vapor pressure WRT temperature.

real function	wet_bulb (q, t, den)
	The function 'wet_bulb' uses 'wqs2' to compute the wet-bulb temperature from the mixing ratio and the temperature.

real function	iqs1 (ta, den)
	The function 'iqs1' computes the saturated specific humidity for table iii.

real function	iqs2 (ta, den, dqdt)
	The function 'iqs2' computes the gradient of saturated specific humidity for table iii.

real function	qs1d_moist (ta, qv, pa, dqdt)
	The function 'qs1d_moist' computes the gradient of saturated specific humidity for table iii.

real function	wqsat2_moist (ta, qv, pa, dqdt)
	The function 'wqsat2_moist' computes the saturated specific humidity for pure liquid water , as well as des/dT.

real function	wqsat_moist (ta, qv, pa)
	The function 'wqsat_moist' computes the saturated specific humidity for pure liquid water.

real function	qs1d_m (ta, qv, pa)
	The function 'qs1d_m' computes the saturated specific humidity for table iii.

real function	d_sat (ta, den)
	The function 'd_sat' computes the difference in saturation vapor * density * between water and ice.

real function	esw_table (ta)
	The function 'esw_table' computes the saturated water vapor pressure for table ii.

real function	es2_table (ta)
	The function 'es2_table' computes the saturated water vapor pressure for table iii.

subroutine	esw_table1d (ta, es, n)
	The subroutine 'esw_table1d' computes the saturated water vapor pressure for table ii.

subroutine	es2_table1d (ta, es, n)
	The subroutine 'es3_table1d' computes the saturated water vapor pressure for table iii.

subroutine	es3_table1d (ta, es, n)
	The subroutine 'es3_table1d' computes the saturated water vapor pressure for table iv.

subroutine	qs_tablew (n)
	saturation water vapor pressure table ii

subroutine	qs_table2 (n)
	saturation water vapor pressure table iii

subroutine	qs_table3 (n)
	saturation water vapor pressure table iv

real function	qs_blend (t, p, q)
	The function 'qs_blend' computes the saturated specific humidity with a blend of water and ice depending on the temperature.

subroutine	qs_table (n)
	saturation water vapor pressure table i

subroutine	qsmith (im, km, ks, t, p, q, qs, dqdt)
	The function 'qsmith' computes the saturated specific humidity with a blend of water and ice depending on the temperature in 3D.

subroutine	neg_adj (ktop, kbot, pt, dp, qv, ql, qr, qi, qs, qg)
	The subroutine 'neg_adj' fixes negative water species.

subroutine	interpolate_z (is, ie, js, je, km, zl, hgt, a3, a2)
	quick local sum algorithm

subroutine, public	cloud_diagnosis (is, ie, ks, ke, den, delp, lsm, qmw, qmi, qmr, qms, qmg, t, rew, rei, rer, res, reg)
	The subroutine 'cloud_diagnosis' diagnoses the radius of cloud species.

subroutine	refl10cm_gfdl (qv1d, qr1d, qs1d, qg1d, t1d, p1d, dbz, kts, kte, ii, jj, melti)
	This subroutine calculates radar reflectivity.

Variables
real	missing_value = - 1.e10

logical	module_is_initialized = .false.

logical	qsmith_tables_initialized = .false.

character(len=17)	mod_name = 'gfdl_cloud_microphys'

real, parameter	n0r = 8.0e6

real, parameter	n0s = 3.0e6

real, parameter	n0g = 4.0e6

real, parameter, public	rhos = 0.1e3

real, parameter, public	rhog = 0.4e3

real, parameter	grav = 9.80665
	gfs: acceleration due to gravity

real, parameter	rdgas = 287.05
	gfs: gas constant for dry air

real, parameter	rvgas = 461.50
	gfs: gas constant for water vapor

real, parameter	cp_air = 1004.6
	gfs: heat capacity of dry air at constant pressure

real, parameter	hlv = 2.5e6
	gfs: latent heat of evaporation

real, parameter	hlf = 3.3358e5
	gfs: latent heat of fusion

real, parameter	pi = 3.1415926535897931
	gfs: ratio of circle circumference to diameter

real, parameter	cp_vap = 4.0 * rvgas
	1846.0, heat capacity of water vapore at constnat pressure

real, parameter	cv_air = cp_air - rdgas
	717.55, heat capacity of dry air at constant volume

real, parameter	cv_vap = 3.0 * rvgas
	1384.5, heat capacity of water vapor at constant volume

real, parameter	c_ice = 1972.0
	gfdl: heat capacity of ice at - 15 deg c

real, parameter	c_liq = 4185.5
	gfdl: heat capacity of water at 15 deg c

real, parameter	eps = rdgas / rvgas
	0.6219934995

real, parameter	zvir = rvgas / rdgas - 1.
	0.6077338443

real, parameter	t_ice = 273.16
	freezing temperature

real, parameter	table_ice = 273.16
	freezing point for qs table

real, parameter	e00 = 611.21
	ifs: saturation vapor pressure at 0 deg c

real, parameter	dc_vap = cp_vap - c_liq

real, parameter	dc_ice = c_liq - c_ice
	2213.5, isobaric heating / colling

real, parameter	hlv0 = hlv
	gfs: evaporation latent heat coefficient at 0 deg c

real, parameter	hlf0 = hlf
	gfs: fussion latent heat coefficient at 0 deg c

real, parameter	lv0 = hlv0 - dc_vap * t_ice
	3.13905782e6, evaporation latent heat coefficient at 0 deg k

real, parameter	li00 = hlf0 - dc_ice * t_ice

real, parameter	d2ice = dc_vap + dc_ice

real, parameter	li2 = lv0 + li00
	2.86799816e6, sublimation latent heat coefficient at 0 deg k

real, parameter	qrmin = 1.e-8
	min value for rain

real, parameter	qvmin = 1.e-20
	min value for water vapor (treated as zero)

real, parameter	qcmin = 1.e-12
	min value for cloud condensates

real, parameter	vr_min = 1.e-3
	min fall speed for rain

real, parameter	vf_min = 1.e-5
	min fall speed for cloud ice, snow, graupel

real, parameter	dz_min = 1.e-2
	use for correcting flipped height

real, parameter	sfcrho = 1.2
	surface air density

real, parameter, public	rhor = 1.e3
	density of rain water, lin83

real, parameter, public	rnzr = 8.0e6

real, parameter, public	rnzs = 3.0e6

real, parameter, public	rnzg = 4.0e6

real, parameter, public	rnzh = 4.0e4

real, parameter, public	rhoh = 0.917e3

real	cracs

real	csacr

real	cgacr

real	cgacs

real	csacw

real	craci

real	csaci

real	cgacw

real	cgaci

real	cracw
	constants for accretions

real, dimension(3, 4)	acco
	constants for accretions

real, dimension(5)	cssub

real, dimension(5)	cgsub

real, dimension(5)	crevp

real, dimension(2)	cgfr

real, dimension(5)	csmlt

real, dimension(5)	cgmlt

real	es0

real	ces0

real	pie

real	rgrav

real	fac_rc

real	c_air

real	c_vap

real	lati

real	latv

real	lats

real	lat2

real	lcp

real	icp

real	tcp
	used in Bigg mechanism and wet bulk

real	d0_vap
	the same as dc_vap, except that cp_vap can be cp_vap or cv_vap

real	lv00
	the same as lv0, except that cp_vap can be cp_vap or cv_vap

integer, public	icloud_f = 0
	cloud scheme

integer, public	irain_f = 0
	cloud water to rain auto conversion scheme

logical, public	de_ice = .false.
	to prevent excessive build - up of cloud ice from external sources

logical, public	sedi_transport = .true.
	transport of momentum in sedimentation

logical, public	do_sedi_w = .false.
	transport of vertical motion in sedimentation

logical, public	do_sedi_heat = .true.
	transport of heat in sedimentation

logical, public	prog_ccn = .false.
	do prognostic ccn (yi ming's method)

logical, public	do_qa = .true.
	do inline cloud fraction

logical, public	rad_snow = .true.
	consider snow in cloud fraciton calculation

logical, public	rad_graupel = .true.
	consider graupel in cloud fraction calculation

logical, public	rad_rain = .true.
	consider rain in cloud fraction calculation

logical, public	fix_negative = .false.
	fix negative water species

logical	do_setup = .true.
	setup constants and parameters

logical	p_nonhydro = .false.
	perform hydrosatic adjustment on air density

real, dimension(:), allocatable	table

real, dimension(:), allocatable	table2

real, dimension(:), allocatable	table3

real, dimension(:), allocatable	tablew

real, dimension(:), allocatable	des

real, dimension(:), allocatable	des2

real, dimension(:), allocatable	des3

real, dimension(:), allocatable	desw

logical	tables_are_initialized = .false.

real, parameter	dt_fr = 8.
	homogeneous freezing of all cloud water at t_wfr - dt_fr

real	p_min = 100.
	minimum pressure (pascal) for mp to operate

real, public	cld_min = 0.05
	minimum cloud fraction

real, public	tice = 273.16
	set tice = 165. to trun off ice - phase phys (kessler emulator)

real, public	t_min = 178.
	min temp to freeze - dry all water vapor

real, public	t_sub = 184.
	min temp for sublimation of cloud ice

real, public	mp_time = 150.
	maximum micro - physics time step (sec)

real, public	rh_inc = 0.25
	rh increment for complete evaporation of cloud water and cloud ice

real, public	rh_inr = 0.25
	rh increment for minimum evaporation of rain

real, public	rh_ins = 0.25
	rh increment for sublimation of snow

real, public	tau_r2g = 900.
	rain freezing during fast_sat

real, public	tau_smlt = 900.
	snow melting

real, public	tau_g2r = 600.
	graupel melting to rain

real, public	tau_imlt = 600.
	cloud ice melting

real, public	tau_i2s = 1000.
	cloud ice to snow auto-conversion

real, public	tau_l2r = 900.
	cloud water to rain auto-conversion

real, public	tau_v2l = 150.
	water vapor to cloud water (condensation)

real, public	tau_l2v = 300.
	cloud water to water vapor (evaporation)

real, public	tau_g2v = 900.
	graupel sublimation

real, public	tau_v2g = 21600.
	graupel deposition – make it a slow process

real, public	dw_land = 0.20
	base value for subgrid deviation / variability over land

real, public	dw_ocean = 0.10
	base value for ocean

real, public	ccn_o = 90.
	ccn over ocean (cm^ - 3)

real, public	ccn_l = 270.
	ccn over land (cm^ - 3)

real, public	rthresh = 10.0e-6
	critical cloud drop radius (micro m)

real, public	sat_adj0 = 0.90
	adjustment factor (0: no, 1: full) during fast_sat_adj

real, public	qc_crt = 5.0e-8
	mini condensate mixing ratio to allow partial cloudiness

real, public	qi_lim = 1.
	cloud ice limiter to prevent large ice build up

real, public	ql_mlt = 2.0e-3
	max value of cloud water allowed from melted cloud ice

real, public	qs_mlt = 1.0e-6
	max cloud water due to snow melt

real, public	ql_gen = 1.0e-3
	max cloud water generation during remapping step if fast_sat_adj = .t.

real, public	qi_gen = 1.82e-6
	max cloud ice generation during remapping step

real, public	ql0_max = 2.0e-3
	max cloud water value (auto converted to rain)

real, public	qi0_max = 1.0e-4
	max cloud ice value (by other sources)

real, public	qi0_crt = 1.0e-4
	cloud ice to snow autoconversion threshold (was 1.e-4); qi0_crt is highly dependent on horizontal resolution

real, public	qr0_crt = 1.0e-4
	rain to snow or graupel/hail threshold

real, public	qs0_crt = 1.0e-3
	snow to graupel density threshold (0.6e-3 in purdue lin scheme)

real, public	c_paut = 0.55
	autoconversion cloud water to rain (use 0.5 to reduce autoconversion)

real, public	c_psaci = 0.02
	accretion: cloud ice to snow (was 0.1 in zetac)

real, public	c_piacr = 5.0
	accretion: rain to ice:

real, public	c_cracw = 0.9
	rain accretion efficiency

real, public	c_pgacs = 2.0e-3
	snow to graupel "accretion" eff. (was 0.1 in zetac)

real, public	alin = 842.0
	"a" in lin1983

real, public	clin = 4.8
	"c" in lin 1983, 4.8 – > 6. (to ehance ql – > qs)

logical, public	const_vi = .false.
	if .t. the constants are specified by v * _fac

logical, public	const_vs = .false.
	if .t. the constants are specified by v * _fac

logical, public	const_vg = .false.
	if .t. the constants are specified by v * _fac

logical, public	const_vr = .false.
	if .t. the constants are specified by v * _fac

real, public	vi_fac = 1.
	if const_vi: 1 / 3

real, public	vs_fac = 1.
	if const_vs: 1.

real, public	vg_fac = 1.
	if const_vg: 2.

real, public	vr_fac = 1.
	if const_vr: 4.

real, public	vi_max = 0.5
	max fall speed for ice

real, public	vs_max = 5.0
	max fall speed for snow

real, public	vg_max = 8.0
	max fall speed for graupel

real, public	vr_max = 12.
	max fall speed for rain

logical, public	fast_sat_adj = .false.
	has fast saturation adjustments

logical, public	z_slope_liq = .true.
	use linear mono slope for autocconversions

logical, public	z_slope_ice = .false.
	use linear mono slope for autocconversions

logical, public	use_ccn = .false.
	must be true when prog_ccn is false

logical, public	use_ppm = .false.
	use ppm fall scheme

logical, public	mono_prof = .true.
	perform terminal fall with mono ppm scheme

logical, public	mp_print = .false.
	cloud microphysics debugging printout

logical, public	do_hail = .false.
	use hail parameters instead of graupel

real	log_10

real	tice0

real	t_wfr

integer, public	reiflag = 1

logical, public	tintqs = .false.
	use temperature in the saturation mixing in PDF

real, public	rewmin = 5.0

real, public	rewmax = 10.0

real, public	reimin = 10.0

real, public	reimax = 150.0

real, public	rermin = 10.0

real, public	rermax = 10000.0

real, public	resmin = 150.0

real, public	resmax = 10000.0

real, public	regmin = 300.0

real, public	regmax = 10000.0

Functions/Subroutines

Variables